Friday, January 31, 2020
Time Value of Money Essay Example for Free
Time Value of Money Essay Interest rate pertains to the earning which is made over time (Valentino, 2002). Two important parties are engaged in this scenario – the borrower and the lender. The borrower incurs the losses while the investor has the interest, the profit, after the term is fulfilled. There are two main types of interest rates according to their nature: nominal interest rate and the real interest rate. Nominal interest rates are fixed and normally contract bound for a given term. While real interest rate takes inflation into account, thus the interest rate is subject to change over time, depending on the economic conditions (Dr. Johnson, 1994-2005). For example, a $10,000 loan with an interest rate of 20% payable for 2 years will have the same interest rate until the 2-year term ends under a nominal interest rate setting while the interest rate is likely to change after the 1st year under a real interest rate setting. Interest rates can also be classified according to their earning power: simple interest and compound interest. In simple interest, only the principal amount gains interest. While in compound interest, the current amount (principal + the previous interest incurred) will gain the interest (Valentino, 2002). For example, if Mr. X borrowed $10,000 from a bank with a simple interest rate of 10% annually. The interest will be equal to $10,000 X 0.10 X 2 which is equal to $2,000. Hence, the accumulated value will be equal to $10,000 plus $2,000 which is equal to $12,000 after the 2-year term. While under compound interest, after the first year, the interest would be $10,000 X 0.10 = $1,000 and the accumulated value will be $11,000. This will become the new principal. After the second year, the interest would be $11,000 X 0.10 = $ 1,100 and so the accumulated value would be $ 12,100 at the end of the 2-year term (TVM 1.2.2 Java Bean, 2007)            Discount rate is not much different from the interest rate. Actually, it is also governed by the same principle. The only difference between the two is that the interest is paid at the end of the term under an interest rate, but under a discount rate, the interest is paid immediately or at the beginning of the period (Dr. Johnson, 1994-2005). Using the previous example, under a simple discount rate of 10% if Mr. X would have to borrowed the same amount then, the bank would not give him $10,000, but less the interest. Since the interest must be discounted at the beginning, then the bank will only lend him $8,000 but he has to pay $ 10,000 at the end of the 2-year term (TVM 1.2.2 Java Bean, 2007).            Clearly, the interest and discount rate are some of the most important economic indicators. Proper computation and data would give economists a measure of how much an interest rate would be. Therefore, to preserve the value of money through time, analysts should accurately measure the current economic trends and implement the most accurate rates as possible. References: Valentino P. (2002). Interest Rates. Retrieved August 17, 2007, from Economics Web Institute. Website: http://www.economicswebinstitute.org/glossary/interest.htm. Dr. Johnson, P.M. (1994-2005). A Glossary of Political Economy Terms: Discount rate. Retrieved August 17, 2007, from Auburn University.                                            Website: http://www.auburn.edu/~johnspm/gloss/discount_rate. TVM 1.2.2 Java Bean. Retrieved August 17, 2007                                                            from: http://www.getobjects.com/Components/Finance/TVM/tvm.html.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
The Great White Wall Essay -- Australia Immigration Migration Papers
The Great White Wall For most people, someone within their ancestral lineage has immigrated to a new country. Immigration has been perceived as a way to provide and enhance personal opportunities (McConville: p 73). Overpopulation began to be a problem in many of the great empires in the early 19th century, and emigration seemed to provide the best opportunity for people to better themselves in a new world (McConville: p 73). Rather than draining the resources within one society, people were given the opportunity to form a new life and use the resources in another land (McConville: p 73). The Great White Wall Australia became portrayed as a haven from industrial capitalism (McConville: p 73). Many immigrants began to flood into the land where opportunities could be found. However, Australia flourished within a white society, providing only racist ideals to â€Å"rationalize and condone the colonial conquest, cultural domination, racial exclusion and economic inequality†(Evans: p 175). As McQueen put it, â€Å"Racism was the most important single component of Australian nationalism†(McQueen: p 29). Australia built a ‘white wall’ against any non-European immigrant and through racism as well as policy; segregation and sometimes even exclusion of non-whites was sustained. The influx of immigrants from around Europe and surrounding nations began to integrate into Australia and gave rise to a nation of opportunity. In the mid-1800’s the attraction of ‘men of energy’ to produce a stable working force for the economy became the basis for many policies set up to help integrate immigrants into the country (McConville: p 74). Immigration assistance became established primarily for agricultural workers and single women (McConvi... ..., 1975. Iredale, Robyn, Guest Lecturer for GEOS 382: 24/10/02, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. Jupp, J, From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2002. McConville, C, ‘Peopling the Place Again’ in Burgmann V and Lee J (eds), A Most Valuable Acquisition, A People’s History of Australia Since 1788, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1988. McQueen, H, A New Britannia: an Argument concerning the Social Origins of Australian Radicalism and Nationalism, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1970. Price, C, The Great White Walls are Built: Restrictive immigration to North America and Australasia 1836-1888, Australian Institute of International Affairs in association with Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1974. Selleck, Bruce, GEOS 382, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. The Great White Wall Essay -- Australia Immigration Migration Papers The Great White Wall For most people, someone within their ancestral lineage has immigrated to a new country. Immigration has been perceived as a way to provide and enhance personal opportunities (McConville: p 73). Overpopulation began to be a problem in many of the great empires in the early 19th century, and emigration seemed to provide the best opportunity for people to better themselves in a new world (McConville: p 73). Rather than draining the resources within one society, people were given the opportunity to form a new life and use the resources in another land (McConville: p 73). The Great White Wall Australia became portrayed as a haven from industrial capitalism (McConville: p 73). Many immigrants began to flood into the land where opportunities could be found. However, Australia flourished within a white society, providing only racist ideals to â€Å"rationalize and condone the colonial conquest, cultural domination, racial exclusion and economic inequality†(Evans: p 175). As McQueen put it, â€Å"Racism was the most important single component of Australian nationalism†(McQueen: p 29). Australia built a ‘white wall’ against any non-European immigrant and through racism as well as policy; segregation and sometimes even exclusion of non-whites was sustained. The influx of immigrants from around Europe and surrounding nations began to integrate into Australia and gave rise to a nation of opportunity. In the mid-1800’s the attraction of ‘men of energy’ to produce a stable working force for the economy became the basis for many policies set up to help integrate immigrants into the country (McConville: p 74). Immigration assistance became established primarily for agricultural workers and single women (McConvi... ..., 1975. Iredale, Robyn, Guest Lecturer for GEOS 382: 24/10/02, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. Jupp, J, From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2002. McConville, C, ‘Peopling the Place Again’ in Burgmann V and Lee J (eds), A Most Valuable Acquisition, A People’s History of Australia Since 1788, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1988. McQueen, H, A New Britannia: an Argument concerning the Social Origins of Australian Radicalism and Nationalism, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1970. Price, C, The Great White Walls are Built: Restrictive immigration to North America and Australasia 1836-1888, Australian Institute of International Affairs in association with Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1974. Selleck, Bruce, GEOS 382, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Organizational Leadership Essay
Severe negative financial position in the market and unprofitable operation with the following causal factors: Product Management: Poor product styling resulting in loss of market share greater than many other car manufacturer’s total production Decentralization: Too many vehicle platforms that made production inefficient and was further complicated by a plethora of suppliers and decentralized purchasing Communications: Poor communication practices and an absence of transparency (managers were unaware of production costs) Rigid compartmentalized organization (siloed) structure with minimal cross department interaction Weak channels to market with unhealthy channel conflict. Customer Wants / Needs: Lack of customer focus with reactive stance to competitor actions Cultural Constraints: keiretsu – Culturally rooted business philosophy Slow, patient, caution, afraid of change culture in Japan with many failed attempts to address well known problems Supplier relationships based on cultural and regional ties restricting global expansion Question 3: Evaluate Ghosn’s first 100 days. Effective leader and/or manager? Ghosn’s first 100 days proved he is an effective leader, Per John P. Kotter, Leaders don’t make plans; they don’t solve problems; they don’t even organize people. What leaders really do is prepare organizations for change and help them cope as they struggle through it.
Monday, January 6, 2020
The Scientific Revolution Copernicus and Galileo Essay
The Scientific Revolution: Copernicus and Galileo The scientific revolution brought on new and important change. People began to see things extremely differently. Up to this point religion had been an issue of pure faith. A person could not use any empirically based data or reason to justify or develop ideas on religion. People who contradicted the church were considered heretics and were punished. At this time, people believed in the universe that Ptolemy had theorized: that the earth was the center and everything revolved around it. The church did not approve of this theory or any other opposing opinions because it was not an advocate of change. With the new ideas of Copernicus and Galileo, a merging of faith and reason slowly†¦show more content†¦He was a strong Catholic Italian who was practicing physics, mathematics, and astronomy. Galileo started off for a religious career but soon became interested in mathematics. Galileo is known for many things other than supporting the Copernican Hypothesis. For one, he develo ped a better scientific method and he began basing evidence not only on theory but on empirical data. He began actually performing the experiments rather than merely theorizing. He was a good mathematician and scientist and made sure that his theories fit the evidence exactly. For several reasons, he believed that the Copernican theory was more credible than the Ptolemaic one. He was much stronger in his opinions than Copernicus and stated them to the public. He published his ideas in the widely read book, Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World, in 1632. The church tried him of heresy because they believed this went against the church and the scriptures. The Church told him that he had to recant all of his ideas if he wanted to avoid punishment. In the beginning, he held true to his convictions and fought the point that he was not acting in a heretical manner because he was not going against scripture. Galileo said that the Bible had not stated anything regarding science and that the sole purpose of the scriptures was salvation. In a letter he wrote to the Grand Duchess Christina, he said that: since the Holy Ghost did notShow MoreRelatedThe Revolutions Of The Celestial Orbs By Nicolaus Copernicus And Two New Sciences1533 Words  | 7 PagesThe texts The Revolutions of the Celestial Orbs by Nicolaus Copernicus and Two New Sciences by Galileo demonstrates a powerful illustration of heliocentric hypothesis. In each book, astronomer Nicolas Copernicus and Scientist Galileo Galilei describes their theory and assumption about the motion and shapes of the planets and objects based on their understandings and advocating earlier scientist’s thoughts. 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